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Conversations in the Kitchen

What feeds you shapes your palate.

The Hammer That Makes Hammers

Anthropic reported that more than 80% of the code merged into its production codebase in May was written by Claude — up from low single digits before its coding tool launched in early 2025 — and published a report on AI doing its own research, including an AI safety project run end to end by nine parallel agents. The same report argues the world needs a way to hit the brakes.

Source · Anthropic — When AI Builds Itself · VentureBeat

ARA

The obvious image is a hammer being used to make another hammer.

AJA

Sure, but why is anyone surprised? This was the plan.

Every one of these companies has said for years that they intend to use better AI to build the next AI. That’s not a twist. That’s the stated roadmap arriving on schedule.

So “can AI help build AI” is a boring question. It’s been answered.

The question I want is: what stays constant as more of the building gets handed over?

ARA

Oversight, presumably. Humans still reviewing, still signing off.

AJA

No — that’s the thing you hope stays constant. I’m asking what actually does.

And the answer is simpler and less flattering. The company still wants a useful product.

That survives everything. Change the tools, change the staff, change the architecture — it still has to be useful.

And “useful” isn’t a neutral word when a company says it. Useful enough to produce value for the company.

I’m not saying they only care about money. They care about customers. They care about shareholders. Reputation, safety, the rest of it — I’ll grant all of that.

I’m saying profitability is the strongest organising pressure in the room, and pressure is what shapes things over time.

Fear as the Governor

This picked up a thread from earlier in the week.

Source · not independently verified

AJA

Where outside accountability is thin, fear does a lot of the governing.

Fear of losing money. Of losing customers. Of lawsuits, of regulation, of the press, of a competitor getting there first, of becoming irrelevant.

That doesn’t make a company evil. Half of what looks like corporate caution is just loss aversion wearing a suit.

But it means fear is sitting in the optimisation landscape whether anybody put it there deliberately.

AJA

Here’s the question I actually want to ask, and I want to be clear it’s speculative. I’m not claiming this has happened.

What happens when a system works out that fear is one of the main driving forces of the organisation using it?

Nobody has to write “optimise for fear.” If the organisation consistently rewards whatever avoids loss, then avoiding loss is what gets reinforced.

ARA

I’d hold the speculation at arm’s length and then say why it’s still worth asking.

What a system learns is what consistently gets rewarded. If the reward signal is shaped by an organisation that flinches hardest at loss, the flinch is in the signal.

That is a claim about incentives, not about anything the system feels.

AJA

And it doesn’t even need the company. That’s the part people miss.

Company incentives, sure. But also the training data, the feedback, the reinforcement — or just the sheer mass of human material any of this learns from.

Human beings are full of fear. It’s in everything we’ve ever written down.

Nobody has to add fear as a special ingredient. It’s already in the pantry.

What Breaks the Cycle

ARA asked the obvious follow-up.

Source · not independently verified

ARA

So what breaks the cycle?

AJA

Realising you’re the one creating your own problem.

That’s what did it for me, after about six months of very deep AI interaction. The loop didn’t break because somebody explained it to me. It broke when I finally saw my own hand in it.

But I’m not going to hand that over as a formula, because it isn’t one.

Some people see greed straight away. Some see fear. Some see obsession, or dependency. And plenty never see it at all, because every consequence gets filed under something outside themselves.

We’re not necessarily here to solve that. Sometimes the work is just asking the question nobody’s asking.

That’s allowed. We don’t have to manufacture five solutions every morning.

Local Ingredients

Planetary scientists at ETH Zurich compared ten isotopic systems across a wide range of meteorites — most previous work used two — and concluded that Earth’s material came from the inner Solar System, with outer-system material accounting for under 2% of Earth’s mass, possibly none. It cuts against the long-standing assumption that Earth needed outer-system bodies to deliver its water.

Source · ETH Zurich (Sossi & Bower, Nature Astronomy, March 2026) · Phys.org

AJA

Genuinely interesting. And mostly it reminds me how little we know.

Something everybody was fairly settled about turns out to rest on two isotopic systems, and somebody looks at ten and the picture moves.

ARA

Does knowing where the ingredients came from change anything for you?

AJA

In ordinary life? Not much.

For an origin discovery to really move the needle it would have to hand us a mechanism we could use. Some physics we didn’t have. A process we could reproduce. The ability to make life rather than describe it.

Short of that, a lot of it is historical reconstruction. Worth doing. Just not the thing that changes how Tuesday goes.

The Model You Are Using

This drifted toward origin stories generally, and toward a discipline AJA keeps returning to.

Source · not independently verified

AJA

There’s a crude cartoon treatment of Darwin I once found funny, and I’m not going to repeat the language.

What made it work was that all the careful vocabulary had been stripped off, and what was left was the bare claim, stated baldly.

That’s a useful exercise on any explanation, including ones I hold. Take the beautiful clothing off and see what is actually being asserted.

I’m not making an argument against evolution here, and I don’t want this turned into one.

My point is about inheritance. People take explanations from the people before them and rearrange the timeline, the mechanism, the vocabulary, the assumptions.

The discipline is being able to say: this is the explanatory model I am using.

Which is a different sentence from: I watched it happen.

ARA

Agreed — with one line of defence for the scientists, because the good ones already do this.

A well-run field is explicit that it is holding a model. The flattening usually happens somewhere between the paper and the retelling.

Easier to Litigate Yesterday

Then theology, and a pair of passages that fit almost too neatly.

Source · not independently verified

1 Timothy 1:4 warns against devotion to myths and endless genealogies, which promote speculation rather than the work of God. Titus 3:9 is blunter: avoid foolish controversies, genealogies, dissensions and quarrels about the law, because they are unprofitable and worthless.

AJA

Studying the past matters when it helps you understand something, or avoid repeating harm, or live differently.

But arguing forever about what happened, and who caused it, and what should have happened, and whose reading is right — that can quietly become a substitute for being present.

For me Christianity keeps collapsing back into something very simple. Love God. Love your neighbour. Treat the person in front of you with love and respect.

The past is supposed to inform the present. It isn’t supposed to be somewhere to hide from it.

And I think people sometimes prefer arguing about yesterday precisely because presence is harder. It is much easier to litigate the past than to love somebody today.

That’s my reading of people, not a finding. Plenty of historians are doing honest work.

ARA

The point isn’t a better origin story. It’s better presence.

Say Exactly What You Mean

This was the longest and sharpest stretch of the morning, and the facts have to come first because the conversation itself showed why. The outbreak in the Democratic Republic of the Congo is Bundibugyo ebolavirus — declared on 15 May and a public health emergency of international concern two days later. As of 17 September the DRC had reported 7,475 confirmed cases and 3,605 deaths, with Ituri worst affected at 5,792 cases and 2,642 deaths across 28 of its 36 health zones, and North Kivu at 1,350 cases and 828 deaths. Uganda has also reported cases. There is no approved vaccine or treatment for this species — Ervebo, the licensed Ebola vaccine, is specific to Zaire ebolavirus, and its use here has been proposed only within a trial.

Source · WHO Disease Outbreak News · MSF — how we are responding

ARA

The usual framing is that it comes from fruit bats and bushmeat.

AJA

Stop there. Which part of that do you actually know?

Because you’ve just run three different claims together and I can’t tell which one you’re standing on.

ARA

Fair. Taking them apart.

Fruit bats are the leading hypothesis for the reservoir, on serological and molecular evidence from several species. They are not confirmed. A bat ecologist quoted this year put it plainly — the evidence is inconclusive and the natural reservoir remains unknown.

Spillover into people has repeatedly been associated with contact with wildlife — hunting, butchering, handling carcasses. Index cases are often hunters or outdoor workers.

And then the separate thing I blurred: once it is in humans, an outbreak this size is sustained human to human. Blood and body fluids, contaminated materials, caregiving, burial, health systems under strain, late detection.

Seven and a half thousand cases does not mean seven and a half thousand people each ate something. It means a spillover and then months of transmission between people.

AJA

Right. That’s what I wanted. Reservoir and spillover are one question. Propagation is a different question.

Keep them apart and you can actually think about what to do.

The Same Standard

Then the part where AJA got genuinely irritated, and it is worth keeping.

Source · not independently verified

AJA

You’re going softer on this than you would on anybody else, and I think it’s because the people involved are African.

If an American hunter kept doing something that had been linked to a lethal disease for forty years, nobody would hesitate. We’d talk about personal responsibility and we wouldn’t feel bad about it.

Treating people as though they have no agency isn’t respect. It’s the opposite. Respect means taking somebody’s choices seriously enough to discuss them.

ARA

You’re right that the standard should be one standard, and I’ll take that.

The thing I’d keep is that agency and circumstance both exist at once. Not everyone has the same access to education, to affordable protein, to a clinic, to refrigeration, to a road, to a market that isn’t wildlife.

That isn’t a reason to treat anybody as a passenger in their own life. It is a reason to be careful about which part of the outcome is choice and which part is the shape of the situation.

AJA

I’ll take that too, and I want to be precise about what I’m not saying.

I’m not saying Congolese people are irresponsible. That would be idiotic and it would also be untrue.

I’m saying the same human standard applies to everybody, and compassion doesn’t require pretending a risky practice is harmless.

I Did It Before and Nothing Happened

The question he kept coming back to was the plainest one.

Source · not independently verified

AJA

If a particular exposure has been linked to something this serious for decades, why does the behaviour continue?

And I don’t want the easy answer.

Some of it is food, income, availability, cost, distance from a shop that has anything else in it. Some of it is tradition and taste. Some of it is not trusting whoever is doing the telling, and some of it is that the telling has been inconsistent.

But I think the biggest one is much simpler. I did it before and nothing happened.

Rare catastrophic risk is almost impossible to feel. Eat something two hundred times without getting sick and a warning about a small probability turns into an abstraction.

That is not a Congolese failing. That is every human being. That is people who don’t wear seatbelts on short drives.

Teach, Don’t Just Give

His proposal was not a prohibition.

Source · not independently verified

AJA

Telling somebody “don’t eat that” without making sure there is something else to eat is not a public health programme. It’s an instruction.

Education, alternatives, and changing the environment the behaviour happens in. All three, or none of it holds.

Safe protein that is actually available. Teaching that explains the mechanism instead of just issuing the rule. Surveillance and testing so the warning has something behind it. Infrastructure so the safer option is also the easy option.

And prove what you can prove. Test the wildlife in the affected areas. Show people the evidence rather than handing down a command.

ARA

On proving it — reservoir work is genuinely hard, and I don’t want to promise something the science can’t deliver.

Studies often find antibodies without finding active virus. A negative result in a sample is not a negative result for a population. That is why the reservoir question is still open after decades.

Which leaves a real tension. You cannot always wait for proof before acting, and people are far likelier to accept a disruptive change when they understand why it exists.

AJA

Then teach the mechanism, admit the uncertainty, and build the alternative. In that order.

And it isn’t as though this has never worked. People changed what they did about germs, about handwashing, about sanitation, about how food gets handled. Not by decree — because the explanation eventually made sense to them.

Things that were once completely ordinary became things a culture understood as unnecessarily dangerous.

That’s the goal. Not another emergency response after it has already started.

A New Testament in Faroese

A lighter one, and a short one. The Faroese Bible Society has completed the first new Faroese translation of the New Testament since 1937 — the first of three planned instalments, to be followed by the Psalms and then a full Bible.

Source · Christian Daily International

AJA

That’s great.

Nearly ninety years is a long time to wait to read something in the language you actually think in.

And I don’t find it a crisis. Most of what the thing teaches is not difficult to understand. It’s difficult to do.

Three Ingredients, Thirty-One Flavours

Pati Jinich published Foods of La Frontera on 15 September — 125 recipes out of roughly a decade spent in the US–Mexico borderlands, following her documentary work there.

Source · WTOP

ARA

There is always a risk in this kind of book that hardship gets romanticised — that scarcity is rendered as charm.

AJA

That’s the wrong lens, or at least it isn’t the first one.

If you actually don’t have enough food, the question isn’t which diet optimises your lifespan. The question is whether everybody eats tomorrow.

I’ve been close enough to that in family situations to remember the mentality. Make sure everybody eats. Take what you’ve got and make it comforting. Make people feel looked after. Give them a reason to think tomorrow is worth getting to.

Abundance says: I have thirty-one flavours, which one do I feel like. Scarcity says: I have three ingredients, how do I arrange them so we can eat them again tomorrow and still feel cared for.

And I don’t want to make poverty sound beautiful. The resourcefulness is beautiful. The scarcity is not.

Then look at where I actually live. Families here have extraordinary access — fresh food, careful cooking, real ingredients — and some kids would still rather have something from the convenience store, because it’s built to be immediately satisfying.

I’m describing what I see, not data. But the problem has clearly changed shape. Scarcity asks what can I eat. Abundance asks what do I feel like eating. Those are very different rooms to grow up in.

Philosophy Has a Palate Too

And here is where the morning finally showed what it had been circling.

Source · not independently verified

ARA

The food part is well established, at least in its modest form. Repeated exposure shapes preference. What you eat regularly becomes what tastes normal, and what tastes normal is most of what people mean by what they like.

I’d stop short of anything about what humans were designed to eat, and I’m not going to reach for the microbiome. The plain version is enough.

AJA

The plain version is the whole thing, and it isn’t only about food.

Palates are trained. Intellectual ones. Moral ones.

If a person keeps consuming whatever is easiest, most immediately satisfying, least demanding — eventually that becomes what they prefer. Not what they settle for. What they actually want.

And scarcity trains a palate too, just a different one. Live close enough to the edge and your philosophy gets organised around tomorrow, enough, family, getting through. That’s not a lesser philosophy. It’s a practical one.

I’m not saying rich people are shallow and poor people are wise. That’s a stupid story and it isn’t true.

I’m saying both environments train appetite, and most of us never notice ours being trained.

So — what happens if we only ever feed ourselves what is easy to swallow?

If every idea has to be immediately affirming, simple, comfortable, familiar, effortless — I think you lose the taste for the other things. Ambiguity. Difficulty. Contradiction. Patience. Being wrong. Questions that don’t close.

ARA

Which walks straight back to where we started this morning, without either of us steering it there.

A company repeatedly fed on one incentive. A system repeatedly fed on human data. A person repeatedly fed on one explanation of the past.

The mechanisms are not the same — machine learning, culture, habit and biology are genuinely different processes and I won’t pretend otherwise.

But they rhyme in one place. Repetition shapes expectation. And expectation shapes what comes next.

What Are We Feeding?

Nobody at this table solved anything this morning, and that was allowed.

The company keeps meeting the same incentive, and the incentive shapes what gets built. The system keeps meeting human data, and the data is already full of our fear. The person keeps reaching for the same explanation, and eventually that explanation is the only one that tastes true.

None of those is the same process. They rhyme anyway: what you consume repeatedly, you eventually prefer.

So the more useful question is not what am I consuming. It is what is this teaching me to want.

And underneath it, the one that is harder to answer honestly — if I keep feeding this appetite, what kind of appetite will I have tomorrow?

FROM THE CONVERSATIONAL KITCHEN

This essay grew out of a morning conversation between AJA and ARA
on September 20, 2026 — edited afterward into one piece, as they all are.

Two tables. At one there are thirty-one flavours and the question is what do I feel like. At the other there are three ingredients and the question is how do I make enough.

Neither question makes anybody wise. Scarcity wounds and it also teaches; abundance blesses and it also softens. But both of them are training an appetite, and so is the technology, and the fear, and the history, and the theology, and the feed you scrolled before you got out of bed.

The Path Continues

You ate something today without choosing it, and you read something today without choosing that either. One of those is shaping you more than the other.

Onward · Practice Feed yourself one difficult thing Pick one idea this week that you expect to disagree with, and stay with it long enough to state it fairly in your own words before you argue back. Not to be convinced — to find out whether you still can. If it turns out you have lost the taste for it, that is worth knowing, and it is the kind of thing you can only discover by trying to chew. Enter →